What is an example of a flavor that hops may impart?

Hops are a key ingredient in brewing beer and are primarily known for their ability to impart distinct flavors and aromas that can significantly enhance the overall character of the beer. One of the most notable flavor profiles associated with hops is citrus, which can come from specific hop varieties known for their ability to produce aromatic notes reminiscent of fruits like oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. This citrus quality can contribute brightness and a refreshing quality to many styles of beer, particularly IPAs and pale ales.

The other flavors mentioned—vanilla, caramel, and toffee—are more typically associated with malt components in beer rather than hops. Malts contribute sweetness and richness, often giving off flavors that can be described as caramel or toffee. Vanilla can also come from various sources like certain yeast strains or barrel aging, rather than from hops. Therefore, citrus stands out as the most appropriate answer when discussing flavors specifically imparted by hops.